![]() Additional signs and symptoms of the cerebral form include aggressive behavior, vision problems, difficulty swallowing, poor coordination, and impaired adrenal gland function. ![]() Over time the symptoms can worsen, and children may have difficulty reading, writing, understanding speech, and comprehending written material. If not treated, affected boys experience learning and behavioral problems that usually begin between the ages of 4 and 10. Girls are rarely affected with this type. The childhood cerebral form of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy typically occurs in boys. There are four distinct types of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: a childhood cerebral form, an adrenomyeloneuropathy type, an adrenal insufficiency only form, and a type called asymptomatic. Adrenocortical insufficiency may cause weakness, weight loss, skin changes, vomiting, and coma. In addition, damage to the outer layer of the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex) causes a shortage of certain hormones (adrenocortical insufficiency). The loss of myelin reduces the ability of the nerves to relay information to the brain. In this disorder, the fatty covering ( myelin ) that insulates nerves in the brain and spinal cord tends to deteriorate (a condition called demyelination). ![]() X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a genetic disorder that mainly affects the nervous system and the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney.
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